![AutoCAD 2022机械设计从入门到精通(升级版)](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/864/40107864/b_40107864.jpg)
3.7 上机实训一——绘制扳手零件图
本例通过绘制扳手零件的轮廓图,对本章重点知识进行综合练习和巩固应用。扳手零件的最终绘制效果如图3-82所示。操作步骤如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_325.jpg?sign=1738953812-uRLFB1ZhJpOVT41B7RNu0mZyeW6wPc8T-0-f5e75eca1b0edf2c9caef61723adbe43)
图3-82 最终绘制效果
单击“快速访问”工具栏→“新建”按钮
,快速创建公制单位的空白文件。
启用对象捕捉和对象捕捉追踪功能,并设置捕捉模式,如图3-83所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_329.jpg?sign=1738953812-8jucood0fOvDgM5wMip0NKfpa4SvT3Oi-0-4c08b421c7f1172cd2cc5c5ef0f8562d)
图3-83 设置捕捉追踪
执行“中心缩放”命令,将当前的视窗高度调整为70,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_331.jpg?sign=1738953812-SlJwpYg3Gq6d9sbayL16OWqNazRgFMYd-0-6326250aa94ff11476ed48834b4a833a)
单击“默认”选项卡→“绘图”面板→“正多边形”按钮
,执行“正多边形”命令,绘制边长为6的正八边形,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_334.jpg?sign=1738953812-CTEuHH5XMbG7xL2wbSXSh7aRla9SABXZ-0-2b0aaac8cad8fd31495bc8f4652ec2cd)
正八边形绘制结果如图3-84所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_335.jpg?sign=1738953812-2VNd0Jp72I0yL8fSxHhTBZ5fWpbDMVRz-0-37fd28db647a77840ece02234a1d0023)
图3-84 正八边形绘制结果
使用快捷键C激活“圆”命令,以正八边形的中心点作为圆心,绘制直径为20的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_337.jpg?sign=1738953812-age9NHEI4HjEhMhqGsJrJRIBzMx3pCKb-0-ad65069ab0de643c392056c40866ac2c)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_338.jpg?sign=1738953812-EXMAepVpOJ8QKrX4jNoyw5wQ2lFlkmr6-0-bbcddcaaf82769a6ba25ec42be879bf7)
图3-85 引出追踪虚线
绘制结果如图3-86所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_339.jpg?sign=1738953812-HWRI2gF3lZwca5LQx1aRgAg2Tx4331v7-0-9bd59d1a127580106bab481e2d1f35f5)
图3-86 绘制结果
按Enter键,重复执行“圆”命令,配合“捕捉自”功能绘制两个直径为10的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_341.jpg?sign=1738953812-D9PFNJncB4wWMx0EXdhyaFz2cPQgHC9D-0-84caf2dc65f443db80b01d7fcfcf92fc)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_342.jpg?sign=1738953812-RnxRWLSMjVKuGAzogvgBBwgSKpemYG38-0-4e65eafa23789428731c0f61dd3f802f)
图3-87 “圆心、直径”画圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_343.jpg?sign=1738953812-3D3YQnqWqRsp07tIcuDpNQWFJDQSGKye-0-1e8b160131537e9c4d49659ba7eab48a)
图3-88 绘制结果(1)
选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“圆”→“相切、相切、半径”命令,绘制与大圆和小圆都相切的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_345.jpg?sign=1738953812-3w3AYrGhqrm9jecKIOeOh8MBKeuLXO2N-0-68a0462ea098b2bf0f8f2ad485432055)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_346.jpg?sign=1738953812-li30AXTK7hE7uCItvUVYUxyYQNNsTwnF-0-5201e7dc1364dc4136f3b0c24f0e9e10)
图3-89 拾取大圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_347.jpg?sign=1738953812-NqpwyV1WUgfE1SOsN6dvhL8NHthFKro2-0-2a3e4f5d42eaf83f6bb84a49cb74272e)
图3-90 拾取小圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_348.jpg?sign=1738953812-btpkVFwnk5XCZLWsb57xZMQAyg38ugn3-0-cf6c0755bb3a81ce82c896bc7b85bfc3)
图3-91 绘制结果(2)
重复执行“相切、相切、半径”命令,绘制上端的相切圆,相切圆半径为10,绘制结果如图3-92所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_350.jpg?sign=1738953812-5akyMO7WixiQ5swzZ1dzn2dqx10aF0RB-0-8d418be9ff58a6040223e33367d6b57d)
图3-92 绘制相切圆
选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“修剪”命令,以直径为20和直径为10的三个圆作为修剪边界,对两个相切圆进行修剪,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_352.jpg?sign=1738953812-EmvWxrrimOo7nXzws7oGF1eSG9cq7FLm-0-3bcf40c686d880b8714d6101125f8185)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_353.jpg?sign=1738953812-bMo4RaTged0Pzv6brGogvWZ7H8STPHMg-0-d572e941ff9284dc858c8b284c7ed232)
图3-93 选择修剪边界
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_354.jpg?sign=1738953812-7O45SkExNnUmKhdrTcVxc8kU451TfwgQ-0-8d4bb53d28baa4f9def904cce906e053)
图3-94 修剪结果
在命令行输入Line并按Enter键,执行“直线”命令,配合切点捕捉功能绘制圆的公切线,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_356.jpg?sign=1738953812-ulhWyJwh4Fa0mXwYSf7iWa26eKuAPS21-0-fa12ee407f1801f172eb86a1d7040c44)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_357.jpg?sign=1738953812-fvxXEYdAPXlQwYNW6oRQRa1R7VQUu0ku-0-a236c8d1becd9955762d7c2f6611f9ce)
图3-95 捕捉切点(1)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_358.jpg?sign=1738953812-gNJPxnTKJuArM6cZdlDoxw1QSxnxgbdu-0-003f3e3966a84e6a66314496f1bfc1e3)
图3-96 捕捉切点(2)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_359.jpg?sign=1738953812-Cly5xnIZt21j7AWnBsXMr0m5cYyHO1cS-0-75ea26beeb0f85984d6b48227e676d03)
图3-97 绘制圆的公切线
重复执行第10步,绘制另外两圆的外公切线,结果如图3-98所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_361.jpg?sign=1738953812-61Wiy7NsNpG4SwLaq4PxvUwHyYTWHFaL-0-ee95ab821de66bed61ec705a989145f1)
图3-98 绘制另外两圆的外公切线
单击“默认”选项卡→“绘图”面板→“正多边形”按钮
,执行“正多边形”命令,绘制外接圆半径为4的正八边形,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_364.jpg?sign=1738953812-qepAdOeZnh8VgG8UYYKsIne9JtFlhrYk-0-9a5d8f9e1992740676294253dfe1c9d4)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_365.jpg?sign=1738953812-kETsRaMJc7sctNWvpt5OQpRcAev4I5xz-0-1e4baba2449629149d37b8e3f453ec86)
图3-99 绘制正八边形
重复执行第12步,以下侧小圆的圆心作为中心点,绘制外接圆半径为4的正八边形,绘制结果如图3-100所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_367.jpg?sign=1738953812-iUrhDyuuBbsBuDdOjUPENM98dYXeHfCo-0-87ad077955a3375c48f1ec9440ef921c)
图3-100 绘制结果
选择菜单栏中的“标注”→“标注样式”命令,修改当前标注样式的圆心标记参数,如图3-101所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_369.jpg?sign=1738953812-8FcQh8BtchCJPp7Cf3w997IweLgLY2WG-0-fc74e399f85cff8dbbbda91a6d5a24ba)
图3-101 设置圆心标记参数
选择菜单栏中的“标注”→“圆心标记”命令,分别标注直径为20、10、10的三个圆的圆心标记,结果如图3-102所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_371.jpg?sign=1738953812-kx370FX5lHKTnlbYFguylNrZxHvRCFP2-0-d918e7fc57d20ce2182df77fed288bf7)
图3-102 标注结果
单击“快速访问”工具栏→“保存”按钮
,将图形另存为“上机实训一.dwg”。